Refractive errors - Astigmatism

Astigmatism arises when there are two different refractive errors on the eye. It is an inherited trait which interrupts the development of the eye. Astigmatism can also arise following on injuries, operations or in extreme cases for example because of warped head positioning in the womb.

Astigmatism, assuming that it is not too serious can be compensated with spectacles and toric lenses. One can also treat astigmatism surgically with excimer laser (LASIK or PRK) often in tandem with treatment of other optical weaknesses.

When ordinary spectacles with astigmatic cutting do not re-configure astigmatism then one usually describes it as irregular astigmatism. Normally, almost all people more or less suffer from irregular astigmatism. Ordinary laser treatment cannot deal with irregular astigmatism instead a wave front steered laser must be employed.